Aran and Bidgol city with an area of 6051.3 square kilometers with a population of about 90,492 thousand people, with two central parts and Koirat, four cities of Aran and Bidgol, Noushabad, Abu Zaid Abad and Sefid Shahr and three villages and 12 villages is located in the northernmost part of Isfahan. .
This city is bounded from the north by Namak Lake and the provinces of Semnan and Qom, from the west to Kashan city, from the south to Natanz and from the east to Ardestan, and it is connected to Kashan and the country's main road network through two main roads.
The climate of this region is hot and dry with hot summers and cold and dry winters, and the maximum temperature in summer reaches 40 degrees Celsius and the minimum temperature in winter reaches 7 degrees Celsius.
Due to the desert nature of the region, 2000 square kilometers (31% of the city's area) are covered by sand dunes, which are called "Band Rig" in the local term.
Agriculture of Aran and Bidgol, despite the poor soil conditions and lack of water, but with the hard work of the people of this country, today this city has a significant place in the country with one thousand hectares of pistachio cultivation, 2200 hectares of wheat cultivation, 1200 hectares of cotton cultivation and 120 hectares of oilseed cultivation. The Islamic homeland has self-sufficiency.
In addition to farming and animal husbandry, Aran and Bidgol carpets are world famous and according to the recent census, the number of carpet makers in the city is more than 13 thousand, which is an example of the artistic taste of the desert dwellers.
What can be said about the history of Aran and Bidgol is that after the destruction of the ancient city of Silk (which has a civilization of 7,000 years) as a result of various events and developments, small and large settlements emerged in the form of castles and fences, and a large area called Chehal Hesaran became famous.
The origin of the word "Aran" is from "Arin", another name of the Arya people, which means the holy place, warm place, and Bidgol, changed to Bibigol, Wigal, and Baygol.
The language of the people of this city is common Persian, but it has different dialects, and the local language of Aran and Bidgol is considered among the old Pahlavi languages.
Not much information is available about the religion and rituals of the people of Aran and Bidgol until the emergence of the Islamic school, but there are evidences such as the remains of the fire temple of Niaser and . . Around Kashan, it can be a proof of Zoroastrian religion in the region, but what is certain is that with the rise of the sun of Islam, the inhabitants of this region were among the first central regions who converted to Islam and loved the family of Prophethood and Imamate.
The location of Aran and Bidgol among the religious cities of Ray, Qom and Kashan, as well as the migration and residence of Sadat and Alawites from Hejaz and Iraq to these centers and the presence of blessed Beqaa and shrines in this city are clear signs of the trend towards Muhammadan Islam, Alevi Shiism and It was Jafari's religion.
The inhabitants of the desert in general and especially the people of Aran and Bidgol are kind, contented, hospitable and resistant people. Attending shrines and shrines, visiting the graves and organizing religious gatherings are popular customs of the people of this region.
The history of Shiism and the deep religious roots of the people and their strong and stable relationship with scholars and religious leaders in Qom Theological Seminary have been one of the most important factors in the creation of revolutionary movements.
With the beginning of the great movement of 15 Khordad, this region also went through the hard periods of struggle and resistance with pride and honor, and since then, it has played an important role with its unique veterans and bravery, so that the high number of martyrs, missing and The sacrificers of Moed city are a testament to the epic creations of the people of this state.
The existence of great scientific, cultural and literary figures Aran and Bidgol is another important indicator in the recovery and history of technical-cultural identity of this city.
The establishment of educational areas, the education and cultivation of religious ideas and the communication and socializing of the scholars of the city with the elders of their era have provided a spiritual atmosphere and a suitable platform for the growth and flourishing of the thought and talent of the Taliban.
Among the elders and scholars of religious sciences in Aran and Bidgol who have left many works and compositions are Mullah Gholamreza Arani, Mullah Mohammad Jafar Bidgholi, Mullah Muhammad Ali Arani, Mullah Ahmad Mojtahed Bidgholi, Ayatollah Ameli, Mullah Muhammad Baqir Bidgholi, Mulla Ali Arani, Mulla Mahmoud Fazel Bidgoli, Mulla Mohammad Zaman Noushabadi and... pointed out.
It is also possible to mention the speakers and name-bearers, such as Nagar Arani, Faiz Bidgoli, Sabahi Bidgoli, Adib Beidai Arani, Wasaf Bidgoli, Dai Arani, Davari Arani, Bazmi Bidgoli, Sarshar Arani, Wasef Bidgoli, Fallah Arani, etc., whose works and Many of their poems remain
Now, the existence of historical monuments and buildings, including the historical caravanserai of Maranjab, next to the pristine and unknown nature of the central desert of Iran, and the amazing and white salt-covered lake in Aran and Bidgol, and the castles of Sizan, Karshahi, and Shah Abbas Abuzidabad, make this region a host for thousands of domestic and foreign tourists. has done
This city has many historical monuments and tourist attractions, including: Imamzade Muhammad Hilal Ibn Ali (AS), Imamzade Hadi (AS), Imamzade Qasim (AS), Imamzade Muhammad Noushabad, Jame Ghazi Mosque, Mosque Nakshineh named the water reservoirs, Noushabad Jame Mosque, Hosseiniyehs and the blessed Bekaa in this city.
Although today we are waiting for the productivity of oil mines, gas, salt, and various chemicals as a reserve of huge underground capital, a bright horizon to enter the industrial field of the country, but the effort to revive and rebuild this region which is The boom of the tourism industry will also increase, it is inevitable.
In the scientific and cultural talent and perseverance of the youth of Aran and Bidgol, it is enough that Allameh Dehkhoda mentioned "high IQ" in the dictionary as one of the characteristics of the people of this region.
The necessary sensitivity to the vital category of education and science has existed in the spirit of the residents of this region for a long time, so that at a historical point in Aran, 8 schools and 3 schools in Bidgol were responsible for education.
The passing statistics of Aran and Bidgol students in provincial competitions with the acquisition of scientific and educational positions at the national level is one of the signs of attention to this importance.
Aran and Bidgol, the gateway to the central desert of Iran
At a time when the ancient hills of Silk were the first origin of civilization and urbanization in the ruined world, small and large settlements emerged in the form of castles and fences, which became famous as forty fences, of which Aran and Bidgel were one of the forty fences and housed the first urban dwellers in the world.
Today's Aran and Bidgol, which is located in the northernmost point of the civilizing province of Isfahan and 5 kilometers from the historical city of Kashan, and because of its location on the Silk Road, has always been a place of passage for large caravans that went from Europe to the Orient. Aran and Bidgol, with an area of 6051.3 square kilometers, a population of more than 89,000 people, has two central parts and Koirat and four urban points, Aran and Bidgol - Noushabad - Abu Zeidabad and Sepid Shahr and 2 villages named Kovirat and Sepid Dasht. This city is bounded from the north by the salt lake of the districts of Semnan and Qom, from the west to Kashan, from the south to Natanz and from the east to Ardestan, and it is connected to Kashan and the country's main road network through two main roads.
The climate of this region is hot and dry with hot summers and cold and dry winters, and the maximum air temperature in summer reaches 49 degrees Celsius and the minimum temperature in winter reaches 7 degrees Celsius below zero.
Due to the existence of many historical monuments and buildings, including: Maranjab historical caravanserai, Sizan and Gershahi castles, along with the unspoiled and unknown nature of the central desert of Iran and the amazing and white salt-covered lakes in Aran and Bidgol, this region has made this region host to thousands of domestic and international tourists. Also, the presence of kind and hardworking people. The hospitality of this land brought up great scientific, cultural and literary personalities such as Molaghlamreza Arani, Nazam Wafa and Mollah Mohammad Zaman Noushabadi, a golden leaf from the book of Iran's culture.
The artistic taste combined with the effort and contentment of these people can be seen in the creation of flowers and bushes of exquisite carpets that have made this region known as Farsh Ajin. Although today, with the productivity of oil-gas-salt mines and various chemicals, we are waiting for the storage of great underground capitals to be present in the industrial field of the country. Amatlash for the revival and reconstruction of the historical buildings of this region, which will also increase the prosperity of the tourism industry.
Tourist attractions of the city
The mausoleum of Imamzadeh Muhammad Hilal Ibn Ali (AS): It is one of the religious centers of the city of Aran and Bidgol, where every day (especially on Thursdays and Fridays) hundreds of people from the lovers of Ahl al-Bayt go there for pilgrimage, and every year in his decade, it is the center of mourning and mourning of the Prophet. Imam Hussain (AS) is worshiped by the religious bodies of the city. Also, every year on the 21st day of the holy month of Ramadan, tens of thousands of people from the cities of Aran, Bidgol, Kashan, Qom, and Tanz and other cities in the central region of the city gather in this place and mourn.
The library of this holy shrine contains thousands of volumes of exquisite books and hundreds of unique manuscripts, which are always referred to by the young generation, especially students.
During religious holidays and special Islamic days, this tomb is one of the big meeting centers of the people of Kashan city. The building of this imamzadeh was built in the Seljuk period and was restored during the Safavid and Qajar period.
Tomb of Imamzadeh Qasim (AS): This Imamzadeh is one of the descendants of Hazrat Imam Ali al-Naqi (AS) and is one of the constructions of the Safavid era, which was built by Nazr Begum Khatun, the aunt of Shah Abbas I Safavid, with the capital of Masharalis. The tiled and clay dome of this tomb has a lot of beauty and is one of the pilgrimage and tourist attractions of Aran and Bidgol.
The mausoleum of Imamzadeh Hadi Ibn Ali Ibn Al-Hussein (AS): The building of the mausoleum and courthouse of Imamzadeh Hadi is located in the distance between the two Shahada Streets of Imam Khomeini Street, which are parallel to each other, and has a good tourist and pilgrimage location. The historical period is based on Safavid and Qajar returns.
Imamzadeh Faizabad Tomb: This tomb is located in an area called Faizabad (located in the central part of the desert). The building of this tomb is related to the Qajar period, considering the many tourist and pilgrimage attractions of this place, as the connecting road between Imamzadeh and the city. If Aran and Bidgol are organized, public reception will be much more in using the existing space of this place. Faizabad pilgrimage shrines are famous as:
1- Prince Suleiman (AS)
2- Prince Hussein (AS)
3- Princess Gohar Khanum (S)
Tomb of Imamzadeh Mohammad Noushabad: This tomb is located inside the city of Noushabad and three kilometers west of Aran and Bidgol. The construction of this building dates back to the Safavid and Qajar periods. This mausoleum is an example of one of the religious buildings with desert architecture, and with its pyramid-shaped tiled dome and painting and woodwork decorations, it is the work of one of the masters of the Qajar era Chinese knot artist named Master Safar Ali Bidgoli. It is one of the valuable pilgrimage and tourist attractions of this region.
Tomb of Bibi Shah Zainab: This tomb is located in the central part of Yazdel village and is one of the shrines that is important traditionally and from the point of view of people. This building was built in the Safavid period
Qazi Aran Collection: This collection consists of the Jame Mosque - the blessed tomb of five imamzades from the children of Hazrat Imam Mahm Baqir (AS) - Hosseiniyeh - Water Anbar - Western and Eastern Bazarcheh - which in terms of pilgrimage; Historical tourism has many attractions. This complex is located in one of the busiest streets of the city and in an area of over 15,000 square meters. Also, these buildings were built in the early Islamic centuries and the Safavid Qajar period.
Maranjab Historical Caravanserai: Maranjab Historical Castle is one of the important crossing points of the main communication and caravan road through which commercial caravans passed between the central cities of Iran and the northern cities of the country. This caravanserai was built from the beginning of the 11th century by the order of Shah Abbas I Safavid. The distance of this castle from the city center is about 50 km and its area is 1000 square meters. It is a wonderful salt lake.
Naqshineh Mosque: This mosque is located inside the city and with an area of 1000 square meters in Ramhal Darb, Abad. This mosque is also known as Haj Qasim Mosque. It is the Qajar period. In the porch of this mosque, there is an inscription in the handwriting of Muhammad Bidgholi dated 1215 AH. Thirty fragments of the words of Allah Majid Khati, each of which was written by one of the women living in this neighborhood in 1192 AH. have dedicated This mosque was also a famous cultural complex in the Zandiyeh period. Also, due to the presence of beautiful paintings and valuable paintings in this mosque, it is known as Naqshina Mosque.
Salt lake: This lake is located in the central desert of Iran, which is a part of the salt lake. The special location of the mentioned lake and the regular polygons of the salt honeycomb have created many attractions. The salt lake is located 55 kilometers north of Aran and Bidgol and has been used for supplying salt for cooking for a long time. One of the most interesting tourist attractions of this area is the formation of regular polygons with crystalline walls on the surface of the lake. If its communication route is organized to some extent, it can become one of the most attractive tourist areas, even now hundreds of domestic and foreign tourists are visiting. In addition, other desert landscapes and various plants that grow around it and in general are important from the point of view of the ecosystem, especially because the topic of wildlife in the area is mentioned and considering this fact that in Hawala from the second half of September to October, a group of migratory birds, especially (Flamingos) come to this area, the said area is the habitat of various animals, which makes the area in question as one of the comprehensive tourist attractions.
Noushabad Jame Mosque: This mosque was built inside the city of Noushabad with an area of 1500 square meters. The historical building of Noush Abad Jame Mosque is one of the buildings of the Seljuk era that was restored and developed during the Safavid period. The brick minaret of this mosque is very interesting and spectacular in its own way (facade of the side surface of the minaret) with the use of bricks by its artist architect with the difference in level between the bricks. It has been created and caused the "Blessed verse of knowledge of Allah" in Bani calligraphy and very beautiful wooden doors of the mosque also belong to the Safavid period and have inscriptions in the third script dated 1133 AH. is A.
Desert plain and Bendrik: a vast area in the north of Aran and Bidgol city with huge and high sand hills (90 meters) is one of the very interesting tourist attractions of Aran and Bidgol city. The existence of all kinds of plants and the remains of existing castles and old buildings, migratory birds, and in general the landscape of the high sand hills is one of the very interesting tourist attractions of Aran and Bidgol city, which is one of the branches of the famous silk road and the old caravan road of the north. It has also passed through this region to the south of the country
Shah Abbasi Caravanserai Abu Zeidabad: This fort, which has buildings similar to each other and is strong and 100% usable for cultural and tourist purposes, is located in the center of Abu Zeidabad. The building dates back to the era of Safavid and Shah Abbas.
Ice Mountains: In the Koirat part of Aran and Bidgol, there are ice mountains, which are surprising and surprising. In the heart of the mountains, there are dry and cold weather in summer and there is hunting (deer).
Karshahi Castle: This castle is made of clay and mud and is still one of the remnants of the Qajar era. This fort was one of the important forts of Sardar Hossein Kashi, one of the bandits and rebels of the Reza Khan period, and the traces of cannon balls in the battle between the government forces and the forces of Sardar Hossein Kashi are still left in this fort.
