History of Uruguay
Uruguay or the Eastern Republic of Uruguay is a small country in the southeast of South America that has historical connections and similarities with its neighboring countries in this region. But despite all this smallness, the culture of Uruguay has a distinct feature, and that is the heterogeneity of this culture, which is the reason for the existence of people with different cultural roots in this country, and it is the creator of a valuable heritage that has enriched its literature and art. Uruguay is one of the countries whose beautiful cities, especially the port city of Montevideo, its capital, attract many tourists. In this section, we learn about the history of Uruguay and the history of the people of this land.
History of Uruguay from past to present
In the 17th century in 1680, for the first time, the soil of this land experienced the steps of the Portuguese expansionists, and this land was discovered by them, and then, they created the city of Colonia. After the Portuguese, in the 18th century, it was the turn of the Spanish who came here to conquer this country and built the city of Montevideo.
Now, in these two centuries, i.e., the 17th and 18th centuries, the two colonial superpowers of that period were constantly fighting and fighting over the conquest and plundering of Uruguay's resources, and as a result, Spain became the superior and victorious power.
Uruguay and Brazil
The Spanish claimed ownership of the area in a treaty called Tordesillas, but the Portuguese established the colony of Sacramento at this point. As a result, the Spanish began to fight and chase the Portuguese in these areas. For this reason, the governor of Buenos Aires, named Bruno Mauricio Dzabala, established a city to prevent further attacks from them, and this city became the capital of Uruguay.
But in the 19th century, this time its neighbor Brazil attacked this small country and declared it as one of its states. The people of Uruguay were not the people to sit quietly and watch and tolerate every new aggression, robbery and colonization, so in the first half of this century, a general revolution swept this land.
In 1825, a revolutionary fighter named Juan Antonio Lavalia, with the goal of freedom and independence, led the popular uprisings in this land, and this revolution won in 1828 and was separated from Brazil forever. Still, this day in the history of Uruguay has a special importance for its people and it is the national day of Uruguay, this day is a holiday in this country.
Currently, the political system of Uruguay is governed by a parliamentary republic. But for 100 years, from the beginning of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, this newly established city was strongly under the influence of British forces, who used it to monitor Brazil's commercial affairs and surround Argentina. Argentine dictator Juan Manuel Drozas besieged this city many times. British forces at this time established a vast network of railways for their purposes and communication between different sectors.
History of Uruguay in the 20th century
At the same time as the 20th century and the outbreak of the Second World War and the battle known as the German battle, Uruguay was a neutral country, but despite this declaration of neutrality, a war occurred in the port of Montevideo. After this battle, the British Royal Fleet towards the port chose a retreat policy and retreated. The memory of this war is still alive in this country. In response to the sentiments of those who are biased and sentimental towards Nazi Germany, the bent cross or Hitler's insignia on the eagle head insignia was returned to them.
In the middle of the 20th century, the emergence and power of a military dictatorship created problems for the country, and in addition to the economic stagnation, the consequences of which can still be seen in this country, it also created problems from a social point of view and caused a large number of rural people who They were struggling with poverty and poverty in order to reach better living conditions, they poured into the city and created population density in urban areas.
In the history of Uruguay, the political, economic and cultural progress began at the beginning of the 20th century, but this was while serious and new developments were taking place in the neighboring countries. The countries of this region were suffering from military coups and major problems in all internal and external dimensions, both in terms of internal issues and diplomatic relations and communication with their neighbors, they had continuous and endless tensions.
Of course, in small Uruguay, the government system was military during this period, and this country experienced dictatorship and military rule during the years of the 20th century for more than a decade, but these conditions did not last long and the growth process of the roots of democracy and the democratic government system that It was mixed with the spirit of independence and freedom of the people and was institutionalized in their thoughts. In 1985, it got a new life and democratic and democratic governments took power in this small country.
This is despite the fact that the economic situation of this country has improved and it has relatively strong trade relations with its neighbors, which has led to the development and growth of agriculture and hopes for a better future for Uruguay and more prosperity and development in this country. Is. In 2006, the capital of this country, Montevideo won the title of the most quality city in Latin America in terms of high standard of living and was placed in the position of cities that have good conditions.
The result of Uruguay's progress in various cultural, economic and political dimensions in the 20th century was that this country made major changes in these fields until the fifties of this century and became known as the Switzerland of Latin America, and in the field of art and literature, it also made progress. It was significant during this period and after that.
